US987584A - Small-arm. - Google Patents

Description

P. MAUSER.

SMALL ARM. 1 APPLIUATION FILED 111111.27. 1909.

987,584. Patented Mar. 21, 1911.

s MEETS-SHEET 1.

4ll?. MAUSER.

SMALL ARM. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 27, 1909. 987,584, Patented 111211221, 1911.

. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

N :'-7 L Q P. MAUSER.

SMALL ARM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 27, 1909.

Patented Mar. 21, 1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEioE.

PAUL MAUSER, F OBERNDORF-ON-THE-NECKAR, GERMANY.

SMALL-ARM.

Specication of Letters Patent. Patented Mal'. 21, 1911.

Application led August 27, 1909. Serial No. 514,894.

I tainnew and useful Improvements in Small- Arms, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description..l

This invention refersto a recoil loader with iiXed barrel of that kind in which the breech mechanism is actuated by the displacement of a slide-like movable part, as is the case with the latest recoil loader, upon the Mauser system the subject matter of application 'No'. 461670 tiled on the 9th November 1908. As is known with this recoil loader," a reciprocating part or cam is arranged in direct cooperation with the locking` levers which are preferably one armedy p supporting levers or arms and located in the locking position. I

lreceiver, which reciprocating part isr provided 'with means such as cam grooves for controlling the locking levers and which part is freely movable so that owing to the action of the recoil, it can be displaced therebymoving the locking levers into the un- Now the Apresent invention refers more particularly to providing a recoil loader of such :construction with a safety device, which prevents the percussion bolt or pin flying forward into the firing position before the cam slide has adjusted the supporting or locking levers in the locking position, *thus rendering it impossible to -discharge the weapon before the breech has been closed.

With thislobject -in-view. the arrangement is such that the percussion bolt, while theV breech is open, is prevented from fiying forward by means of a catch movably arranged which refers to the in the receiver, the release of which, after the breech has'been closed, is occasioned by the action of the cam slide, or of a part de-A pendent on the' same. Now besides thls catch locking the percussion bolt or pin, according to the present invention still further improvements -are provided, one vof percussion bolt while the other has to do with a more suitable arrangement ofthe ejectorpand of the vextractor.

in thatan inclosing cap leavingthe extreme j the line B-B, Fig. 1.

point of the. bolt free and heldfor. sim- .pliclty sake by a bayonet joint, is arranged on the front part of the percussion bolt.

breech-bolt, and at the same time'serves as af buffer on the recoil of the breech-bolt. lj

The improvements with reference to the ejector and extractor'are for the purpose of obtaining .a very simple constructionas well as a sure method of working of these parts so important for the prompt yaction of 'the weapon, the details of which will be under-y stood from the following descriptionr as well Vas from the drawing.

The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: v 'l Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of the breech end of the weapon showing the breech closed, the supporting levers' in the' locking position and consequently the catch for the percussion bolt disengaged and the percussion bolt free toiy forward when discharging the weapon. Fig.- 2 is a plan view of Fig. 1 with the cover of the receiver removed. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the 'line A-A of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 isv a similar.. view to Fig. 1 but showing lthe position of the parts after-discharging the weapon, with unlocked breech and the breech-bolt drawn back, the catch for the percussion bolt being in its working position and consequently preventing any accidental flying forward of the percussion bolt. 4Fi 5,' 6 and 7VV are similar views to Figs. 1f, 2 and 4 illustrating a modification of the locking catch for the percussion bolt', and in whichv the position ofthe of Fig. 1, that in Fig. 6 to that of Fig. 2 and that in Fig. 7 to that of Fig. 4. Fig. 8 is a similar view to part of Fig. v'l' but showing the ejector in the working position as well as the-extractor. Fig. 9 is a front `view of the breech-bolt with' the extractor. yFig. 10 illustrates the ejector in side and plan view. Fig. 11 illustrates the bayonetjoint of the spring cap with the percussionbolt on an enlarged scale and in section on With regard to the general arrangement` of the 'breech system, to which the invention -is applied, Atwo positively geared locking eoV parts in Fig. 5 corresponds to that levers or arms b b symmetrically supporting the movable breech bolt kon both sides are provided, which locking'levers extendalong the inside of the receiver It and are arranged with their pivotal ends in the back wall of this receiver so that they move like arms' turning inward when the breech isclosed and lthus effect the symmetrical supporting and locking of the movable breech bolt, but after discharging the weapon, move outward thereby unlocking the movable breech bolt j and allowing it to pass backward between them. The displacementA of' the locking levers b Za effected bythe cam slide a guided in thecover d and provided with cam slots a1. a1 in which engage the pins b1 b1 of the levers b b. When the breech is closed (Figs.

`resting against the back end of the movable d 1 and 2) the'slide a is situated in its backward position, the pins b1 b1 are situated at the front end of the slots 'a1 al and force the levers 'b b inward with their front ends breech-bolt, thus maintaining them rmly in of the slots an1 a1 so-that the levers b b are the supporting position.' When the breech is unlocked, the slide a is in its forwardpositionl withihe pins b1 b1 at the back ends turned outward and are held in corresponding recesses formed in the sidev walls of theY receiver h. Now according to the present invention inthe form of construction engages with a corresponding nose or shoulder rlof the percussion bolt r and is provided at its upper end with a projecting lug p2. The cam slide a has aprolongation at the back in the form of a spring tongue g, which is provided at its rear end with a projection or nose g2 corresponding to the lug p2 and which at the same time serves for guiding the tongue in corresponding grooves of an inner shoulder of the cover. The cooperation of the catch p with the prolongation or tongue g of the cam slide is such that the tongue in the backward position of the cam slide, Athat is to say with closed breech (Figs. 1 and 2) engages by its free end, which is situated behind the nose g2 beneath the' lug plof the-catch p and thus maintains the catch inits raised position so that its lower end p1 is held out of engagement with the nose r1 of the percussion bolt. If, however, the cam slide a is in its forward position, which is the case when the breech is unlocked (Fig. et), the tongue'g will release the lug p2 of the catch p, so that the catch p under the action of a sprlng g1., 1nserted in a recess formed in the casing ofthe falsebreech, isipressed downward and engages by its lower tooth-like. endl p1 with the nose rlvof the percussion bolt. Whereas l -in the first case (the parts being in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2) the percussion bolt is` free to be discharged by merely press-I ing on the vtrigger .e t; in the position shown in Fig. et, however, that is to say as long as the locking is not effected, the flying forward of the percussion bolt is prevented in any circumstances, even if the trigger is accidentally pulled. Thus while the breech is unlocked it is absolutely impossible for the4 percussion bolt to fly accidentally forward, and the percussion bolt can only fly forward into the tiring position after the breech has been duly closed and locked.

In the form of construction shown at Figs. 5 to 7 the locking part consists of'a bellcrank lever p, on the horizontal arm of which the nose or tooth p1 projects downward and cooperates with a corresponding nose r1 of the percussion bolt 1 while the vertical arm is provided at its upper endwith a nose p2 coperating with the end of the tongue g. The bell-crank lever p is pivotally mounted upon a pin g and is acted upon yby a spiral spring g1, which is situated 1n a recess at the front of the arm and tends, when the breech is unlocked, to hold the arm vin the engaging or locking position as shown at Fig. 7. Only after the breech has been duly locked, that is to say when the cam slide is situated in its backward position shown in Figs- 5 and 6 in which it holds the supportinq levers or arms in their locking or inward position is the bell-crank lever held in the raised position against the pressure olf-the spring g1, in which position it re-l leases the nose r1 of the percussion bolt r and thus permits the latter to fly forward.

With the present arrangementof the percussion boltpthe small coiled spring 7, (referring to Figs. 1 to 4 and 11) already used in previous arrangements, is placed on the front end of the percussion bolt, which spring serves the purpose on the one hand of holding or retracting -the` percussion bolt after tiring behind the face of the head of the movable breech and at the lsame time acts as a butl'er on the recoil of the movable v breech bolt. Now for securing the spring in its position the following improvement has been made, that is to say the' spring is arranged. ina special cylindrical ca or sleeve. For -this purpose a cap f1 is p aced on the end of" the'percussion bolt r. vIt is retained by two catches a', which enter the cap through notches :1:1 (Fig. 11). The cap f1 is turned so asto place it in such a position that the notches w1 come out of the path of the catches m (drawn in dotted lines in Fig. 11). Inside the cap f? is an annular space m2 (Fig. 1) which allows of displacing the cap f1 against the pressure ofthe spring f. AThe purpose of this arrangement is the following. When the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 4 the spring f forces the ylboltlfjr, `against the pressure of the spring y of the percussionbolt in/to 'sucha position that the point ofthe boltdoes notI project from the front surface of the breechbolt/t. This point of the` percussioiilbolt u only `projects,from. the front of the breechbolt fat the vmoment when the'percussion forward. The spring f is thus situated within this cap so that it is impossible to lose 4or lnjure ,it as` might possibly happen -were such a cap not provided.

A. vpractical improvement has also been madewith respect to the ejector in the present weapon. This ejector u is` in the form lof a longitudinal bar movably arranged on j. the bottom of the breech-bolt and carrying at its front end an inclined impact shoulder* ul (Fig. 10), which shoulder u1 can project outwardly beyond` the face of the breechbolt through ,a corresponding groove in the head thereof as'shown at Fig. 8. For actuating the ejector in the form of construction shown in Figs.' 1 to 4there is provided a spring lw situated beneath the bottom of the receiver, the upper arm w1. -ofvwhich carries a stop fw? for the back end of the ejector and which projectsinto thepath of the movable breech bolt, whereas thelonger arm for the purpose of fastening the spring is at its extremity held in a corresponding recess in 'the bottom of the receiver of the lock. OnV

the flying back yof the movable breechv bolt, tlie'baokend u2 of the ejector, engaging in the usual manner with a catch or shoulder in the 'movable breech bolt, strikes against` the. stop fw?, thus bringing the ejector into action so. that the cartridge is thrown out backward. Stop "L02 being yieldably mounted, after actuatingy the ejector, yields under the force of the breech-bolt and permits further movement of the breech-bolt in a rearward direction. Upon the return moveinent'of the breech-bolt, to close the breech, stop 'L02 -by frictional engagement with the under side of the-ejector slide u, causes-relative'movement -between the latter and the breech-bolt, thereby restoring the ejector to its original position, on the breech-bolt, behind the cartridge seat. I

In the construction of ejector illustrated at Figs. 5 'to 7 the bell-crank lever lw provided on its upper arm with the stop lw2 actuating the longitudinally displaceable ejector u, is made in the form of a loop or stirrup and is arranged in a lower recess of the lock so as to l*pivot around a pin fw". The bell crank lever lw inherently possesses a certain degree of elasticity owing to its loop like formation and this is increased bylthe action of a spiral spring Iw3 inserted at the back end ofthe said lever and tending' ejection is elfected before the movablevbreech-bolt `has reached its rearmost 'position there is no danger lof the fresh cartridge m rising upand striking against the empty cartridge case being ejected and thus being` pressed downward again, which `frequently occasions a failure of the -cartridge to rise up at the proper moment and to be seized bythe movable breech-bolt. It is advisable so to regulate the precise moment of .the eject-ionof the empty cartridgecase that it is. effected at about ten millimeters before the' vrearmost position of the movable breech-' bolt; in this position the movable breechbolt will' still be situated over a considerable portion j of the magazine and consequently above the rear part of the ascending cartridge so that the latter is protected and cannot strike against the empty cartridge case being ejected.

In the present weapon also the extractor j has been more suitably constructed, inasmuchl as the catch or claw of the saine is guided, independentlyof the back portion jl Jwhich acts as a spring and is arranged vertically movable in a recess in the headof the breech-" bolt beneath the gripping projection or knob and the spring portion vpassing through an opening in the latter acts to a certain extent as a shaft and engages the catch from the rear with its front end.

vVVllatv I claim 'as my invention, and desire to secure by patent is': Y

l. In a recoil loading firearmvrwith fixed barrel, the combination of a breech bolt, means for locking the same, asliding cam for actuating said means, a percussion bolt, land a catch device for lockin said percussion bolt, said catch device being controlled by the movements of saidy cam..

:2. Ina recoil loading irearm with fixed barrel, the combination of a breechbolt,

means for locking the' same, a sliding cam for'actuating said means, a percussion bolt, and a catch vdevice for locking said bolt, said catch device 4comprising a pivoted lever having a locking nose adapted to engage said percussion bolt and having a part engaged by saidcam whereby said lever is controlled.

3. In a recoil loading firearm with fixed barrel, the combination' of a breech. bolt, means for locking the same, a sliding cam Afor actuating said means, .said cam having 'a tongue extending rearwardly therefrom,

a percussion bolt, a pivoted lever adapted to lock saidbolt, said lever having a locking nose engaging said'percussion bolt and havin-g a part cooperating with said tongue,

whereby when said cam is in its locking po-` sition, said tongue engages said lever and moves it out of the path of said percussiony bolt so that the arm can be red.

4. In a recoil loading firearm with fixed barrel, the combination-of a breech bolt and an ejecting device, said ejecting device being arranged in the bottom part of said breech bolt and being adapted to be moved for- Wardly and .backwardly therein, and av stop lying in the. path -of saidejecting device, said stop being adapted to engage said 4device before said breech bolt has reached its frearmost position whereby the empty cartridge case is ejected as soon as possible to lprevent said cartridge case from' striking stop being adapted to engage said device before said breech bolt has reached itsrearmost position whereby the empty cartridge case is ejected as. soon as possible to prev nt said cartridge case from striking again t a fresh cartridge rising intoposition, and said stop comprising a bell crank loop-shaped lever pivoted to the lock casing anda spring /at the rear of said lever.

6.- In a recoil loading rearm with xed barrel, the combination of-a percussion bolt, a cap connected to the end of said percussion bolt at such point as to permit the extreme end of the bolt to pass through s'aid cap, and a coiled spring in said cap holding the latter beyond the point of said bolt, said springv serving also' as a buffer upon recoilv of the bolt.

7. In a recoil loader with xed barrel, the

combination .of` the percussion bolt with a l cap held thereon by catches, and a spring Within the cap, said spring pressing the percussion bolt backward after firing, so that its point does not project from the front l02E the breech-bolt.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

PAUL MAUSER.

Witnesses zl ERNST L. ENTENMANN, FRIDA KLOIBER.

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